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Best practices for AdminNetworkPolicy

This section provides best practices for the AdminNetworkPolicy and BaselineAdminNetworkPolicy resources.

Designing AdminNetworkPolicy

When building AdminNetworkPolicy (ANP) resources, you might consider the following when creating your policies:

  • Because there is no guarantee which policy will take precedence when overlapping ANP are created, you should create ANP at different priorities so that precedence is well defined.

  • Administrators must create ANP that apply to user namespaces not system namespaces.

Applying ANP and BaselineAdminNetworkPolicy (BANP) to system namespaces (default, kube-system, any namespace whose name starts with openshift-, etc) is not supported, and this can leave your cluster unresponsive and in a non-functional state.

  • Because 0-100 is the supported priority range, you might design your ANP to use a middle range like 30-70. This leaves some placeholder for priorities before and after. even in the middle range, you might want to leave gaps so that as your infrastructure requirements evolve over time, you are able to insert new ANPs when needed at the right priority level. If you pack your ANPs, then you might need to recreate all of them to accommodate any changes in the future.

  • When using 0.0.0.0/0 or ::/0 to create a strong Deny policy, ensure that you have higher priority Allow or Pass rules for essential traffic.

  • Use Allow as your action field when you want to ensure that a connection is allowed no matter what. An Allow rule in an ANP means that the connection will always be allowed, and NetworkPolicy will be ignored.

  • Use Pass as your action field to delegate the policy decision of allowing or denying the connection to the NetworkPolicy layer.

  • ensure that the selectors across multiple rules do not overlap so that the same IPs do not appear in multiple policies, which can cause performance and scale limitations.

  • Avoid using namedPorts in conjunction with PortNumber and PortRange because this creates 6 ACLs and cause inefficiencies in your cluster.

Considerations for using BaselineAdminNetworkPolicy

  • You can define only a single BaselineAdminNetworkPolicy (BANP) resource within a cluster. The following are supported uses for BANP that administrators might consider in designing their BANP:

    • You can set a default deny policy for cluster-local ingress in user namespaces. This BANP will force developers to have to add NetworkPolicy objects to allow the ingress traffic that they want to allow, and if they do not add network policies for ingress it will be denied.

    • You can set a default deny policy for cluster-local egress in user namespaces. This BANP will force developers to have to add NetworkPolicy objects to allow the egress traffic that they want to allow, and if they do not add network policies it will be denied.

    • You can set a default allow policy for egress to the in-cluster DNS service. Such a BANP ensures that the namespaced users do not have to set an allow egress NetworkPolicy to the in-cluster DNS service.

    • You can set an egress policy that allows internal egress traffic to all pods but denies access to all external endpoints (i.e 0.0.0.0/0 and ::/0). This BANP allows user workloads to send traffic to other in-cluster endpoints, but not to external endpoints by default. NetworkPolicy can then be used by developers in order to allow their applications to send traffic to an explicit set of external services.

  • ensure you scope your BANP so that it only denies traffic to user namespaces and not to system namespaces. This is because the system namespaces do not have NetworkPolicy objects to override your BANP.

Differences to consider between AdminNetworkPolicy and NetworkPolicy

  • Unlike NetworkPolicy objects, you must use explicit labels to reference your workloads within ANP and BANP rather than using the empty ({}) catch all selector to avoid accidental traffic selection.

An empty namespace selector applied to a infrastructure namespace can make your cluster unresponsive and in a non-functional state.

  • In API semantics for ANP, you have to explicitly define allow or deny rules when you create the policy, unlike NetworkPolicy objects which have an implicit deny.

  • Unlike NetworkPolicy objects, AdminNetworkPolicy objects ingress rules are limited to in-cluster pods and namespaces so you cannot, and do not need to, set rules for ingress from the host network.